Editorial Protocol: The Lifestyle Crisis Meets Systemic Fragility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1000/znewjk64Palavras-chave:
Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) Double burden of disease Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors Physical inactivity Obesity Preventive interventions Curative care Fiscal sustainability Health system constraints Public health policyResumo
This editorial synthesizes recent evidence to highlight a critical convergence in Indonesia’s public health landscape: the rapid escalation of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors colliding with a health system facing structural and fiscal constraints. While the Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) has achieved remarkable nominal coverage, new data reveals that the system is ill-equipped to handle the surging "double burden" of disease driven by physical inactivity and obesity. We argue that without an urgent shift from curative care to preventive lifestyle interventions, the fiscal sustainability of Indonesia’s health reform is at risk
Downloads
Referências
Anindya, K., Marthias, T., Zulfikar Biruni, M., Hage, S., Ng, N., Laverty, A. A., ... Lee, J. T. (2022). Low physical activity is associated with adverse health outcome and higher costs in Indonesia: A national panel study. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 9, 972461. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.972461.
Cacciatore, S., Mao, S., Nuñez, M. V., Massaro, C., Spadafora, L., Bernardi, M., ... Landi, F. (2025). Urban health inequities and healthy longevity: Traditional and emerging risk factors across the cities and policy implications. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 37(1), 143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-025-03052-1.
Esfandyari, A. T., Jahanafroz, H., & Yavarmanesh, K. (2025). Benchmarking Indonesia’s health system against global standards: A WHO framework analysis of reforms and outcomes (2020–2025). Health Promotion Sciences, 1(3), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.1000/ccguyh54.
Freisling, H., Viallon, V., Lennon, H., Bagnardi, V., Ricci, C., Butterworth, A. S., ... Ferrari, P. (2020). Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: A multinational cohort study. BMC Medicine, 18(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1474-7.
HN, & KK. (2025). Trends in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among adults in Indonesia, 2007 to 2023 [Manuscript inpress].
Leu, J., Rebello, S. A., Sargent, G. M., Kelly, M., & Banwell, C. (2023). Hard work, long hours, and Singaporean young adults' health—A qualitative study. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1082581. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1082581.
Popkin, B. M., Corvalan, C., & Grummer-Strawn, L. M. (2020). Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition and the changing nutrition reality. The Lancet, 395(10217), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32497-3.
World Health Organization. (2003). Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases (WHO Technical Report Series No. 916). Geneva: Author.
World Health Organization. (2023). Global adult tobacco survey (GATS) Indonesia report 2021. World Health Organization, Country Office for Indonesia. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/378343.
Downloads
Publicado
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This open-access journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial term





























